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Table 1 Weighted baseline characteristics of study participants according to tertile groups of CMI

From: Association between cardiometabolic index and controlled attenuation parameter in U.S. adults with NAFLD: findings from NHANES (2017–2020)

 

Overall

(0.05–3.90)

T1

(0.05–0.45)

T2

(0.45–0.85)

T3

(0.85–3.90)

p value

No. of participants

1759

586

586

587

 

Age (years)

50.2 ± 16.2

50.4 ± 17.0

50.7 ± 15.6

49.4 ± 15.9

0.3605

Gender (%)

    

0.0024

    Male

50.76

49.33

46.24

56.19

 

    Female

49.24

50.67

53.76

43.81

 

Race (%)

    

< 0.0001

    Non-Hispanic White

63.96

66.03

57.69

67.44

 

    Non-Hispanic Black

8.82

11.69

10.90

4.08

 

    Mexican American

10.11

8.20

9.99

12.14

 

Other

17.10

14.08

21.41

16.34

 

    Education level (%)

    

0.0010

    <High school

10.76

7.11

11.96

13.40

 

    ≥High school

89.24

92.89

88.04

86.60

 

Marital status (%)

    

0.7860

    Married/Living with Partner

69.22

67.94

69.41

70.34

 

    Never married

14.16

14.64

13.31

14.42

 

    Other

16.63

17.43

17.27

15.24

 

PIR

3.17 ± 1.60

3.36 ± 1.56

3.11 ± 1.67

3.03 ± 1.57

0.0025

Smoking (%)

    

0.1126

    Yes

42.00

40.39

40.01

45.38

 

    No

58.00

59.61

59.99

54.62

 

Moderate work activity (%)

    

< 0.0001

    Yes

49.67

55.97

41.92

50.16

 

    No

50.33

44.03

58.08

49.84

 

Waist circumference (cm)

107.19 ± 15.73

100.65 ± 14.51

107.88 ± 14.45

113.18 ± 15.48

< 0.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

32.23 ± 7.19

29.44 ± 6.14

32.62 ± 6.88

34.70 ± 7.45

< 0.0001

SBP (mmHg)

123.11 ± 16.60

122.32 ± 16.79

123.14 ± 17.22

123.88 ± 15.82

0.2866

DBP (mmHg)

76.04 ± 11.13

74.27 ± 10.79

76.60 ± 10.73

77.33 ± 11.56

< 0.0001

TG (mmol/L)

1.39 ± 0.76

0.75 ± 0.24

1.25 ± 0.31

2.17 ± 0.71

< 0.0001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.90 ± 0.93

2.77 ± 0.81

2.99 ± 1.00

2.96 ± 0.95

< 0.0001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.32 ± 0.38

1.61 ± 0.41

1.28 ± 0.24

1.05 ± 0.18

< 0.0001

ALT (U/L)

24.66 ± 16.95

20.95 ± 13.79

25.36 ± 16.59

27.80 ± 19.27

< 0.0001

AST (U/L)

21.80 ± 11.09

21.24 ± 11.85

21.97 ± 10.96

22.21 ± 10.36

0.2918

GGT (IU/L)

31.38 ± 33.11

28.24 ± 35.31

30.17 ± 28.19

35.61 ± 34.37

0.0003

ALB (g/L)

40.25 ± 3.10

40.50 ± 3.01

40.22 ± 3.05

40.01 ± 3.22

0.0243

Uric acid (mg/dL)

5.66 ± 1.35

5.26 ± 1.20

5.75 ± 1.37

5.98 ± 1.38

< 0.0001

HbA1c (%)

5.82 ± 1.05

5.51 ± 0.65

5.86 ± 0.95

6.10 ± 1.33

< 0.0001

eGFR(ml/min/1.73m2)

95.56 ± 25.76

92.98 ± 21.87

96.49 ± 27.10

97.34 ± 27.89

0.0077

LSM (kPa)

6.16 ± 4.39

5.46 ± 2.85

5.92 ± 3.11

7.09 ± 6.13

< 0.0001

CAP (dB/m)

305.76 ± 41.11

290.07 ± 35.39

305.38 ± 39.05

321.95 ± 42.02

< 0.0001

Diabetes (%)

    

< 0.0001

    Yes

14.71

6.61

15.15

22.50

 

    No

85.29

93.39

84.85

77.50

 

Hypertension (%)

    

< 0.0001

    Yes

47.84

37.94

52.53

53.79

 

    No

52.16

62.06

47.47

46.21

 

Hyperuricemia (%)

    

< 0.0001

    Yes

26.11

14.81

28.89

35.07

 

    No

73.89

85.19

71.11

64.93

 

Stroke (%)

    

0.3420

    Yes

3.31

3.46

2.41

3.94

 

    No

96.69

96.54

97.59

96.06

 
  1. For continuous variables, variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and p value was calculated by weighted linear regression model. For categorical variables, variables are displayed as percentage and p value was calculated by weighted chi-square test
  2. PIR Income to poverty ratio, BMI Body mass index, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, TG Triglyceride, LDL-C Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALT Alanine transaminase, AST Aspartate transaminase, GGT Gamma glutamyl transferase, ALB Albumin, HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c, eGFR Estimated glomerular filtration rate, LSM Liver stiffness measurement, CAP Controlled attenuation parameter
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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X