Table 5 Study participants’ energy and nutrient intake across quintiles (Q) of dietary pattern scores by sex

Dietary pattern 1

 Total energy (kcal)

2330 ± 25.1

2386 ± 23.5

2449 ± 26.4

0.001

1679 ± 15.9

1723 ± 15.1

1838 ± 17.5

< 0.001

 Carbohydrates (% E)

60.7 ± 0.4

64.8 ± 0.3

58.1 ± 0.3

< 0.001

61.9 ± 0.3

66.0 ± 0.3

58.0 ± 0.2

< 0.001

 Protein (% E)

14.6 ± 0.1

15.5 ± 0.1

17.5 ± 0.2

< 0.001

13.9 ± 0.1

14.6 ± 0.1

16.7 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 Fat (% E)

24.7 ± 0.3

19.7 ± 0.2

24.5 ± 0.2

0.263

24.2 ± 0.3

19.4 ± 0.2

25.3 ± 0.2

< 0.001

 SFA (% E)

9.4 ± 0.1

6.1 ± 0.1

5.9 ± 0.1

< 0.001

9.5 ± 0.1

6.1 ± 0.1

6.0 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 MUFA (% E)

8.6 ± 0.1

6.3 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

8.0 ± 0.1

6.2 ± 0.1

7.6 ± 0.1

0.029

 PUFA (% E)

3.8 ± 0.1

4.9 ± 0.05

8.8 ± 0.1

< 0.001

3.7 ± 0.05

4.8 ± 0.05

9.1 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 Omega-3 FA (% E)

0.4 ± 0.01

0.7 ± 0.01

1.4 ± 0.02

< 0.001

0.5 ± 0.04

0.7 ± 0.01

1.5 ± 0.02

< 0.001

 Omega-6 FA (% E)

3.4 ± 0.05

4.2 ± 0.05

7.4 ± 0.1

< 0.001

3.3 ± 0.04

4.1 ± 0.04

7.6 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 PUFA:SFA

0.4 ± 0.01

0.9 ± 0.01

1.6 ± 0.02

< 0.001

0.4 ± 0.01

1.0 ± 0.01

1.7 ± 0.02

< 0.001

Dietary pattern 2

 Total energy (kcal)

1958 ± 22.2

2421 ± 22.6

2706 ± 27.9

< 0.001

1550 ± 15.5

1778 ± 15.1

1953 ± 19.1

< 0.001

 Carbohydrates (% E)

76.0 ± 0.2

63.6 ± 0.2

49.3 ± 0.3

< 0.001

77.2 ± 0.1

64.3 ± 0.1

50.2 ± 0.2

< 0.001

 Protein (% E)

12.9 ± 0.1

15.9 ± 0.2

17.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

12.1 ± 0.1

14.9 ± 0.1

16.5 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 Fat (% E)

11.1 ± 0.1

20.5 ± 0.1

33.4 ± 0.2

< 0.001

10.7 ± 0.1

20.8 ± 0.1

33.2 ± 0.2

< 0.001

 SFA (% E)

3.2 ± 0.05

6.2 ± 0.1

11.0 ± 0.1

< 0.001

3.0 ± 0.04

6.4 ± 0.1

11.2 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 MUFA (% E)

3.1 ± 0.05

6.4 ± 0.1

11.4 ± 0.1

< 0.001

3.1 ± 0.04

6.5 ± 0.1

11.0 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 PUFA (% E)

3.2 ± 0.04

5.5 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

3.2 ± 0.04

5.5 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 Omega-3 FA (% E)

0.6 ± 0.02

0.8 ± 0.02

0.9 ± 0.02

< 0.001

0.6 ± 0.02

0.8 ± 0.02

1.0 ± 0.04

< 0.001

 Omega-6 FA (% E)

2.6 ± 0.04

4.6 ± 0.05

6.4 ± 0.1

< 0.001

2.6 ± 0.03

4.6 ± 0.05

6.4 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 PUFA:SFA

1.2 ± 0.02

1.0 ± 0.02

0.8 ± 0.01

< 0.001

1.3 ± 0.02

1.0 ± 0.01

0.7 ± 0.01

< 0.001

Dietary pattern 3

 Total energy (kcal)

2445 ± 26.1

2402 ± 23.9

2246 ± 23.5

 < 0.001

1797 ± 17.4

1774 ± 17.0

1681 ± 16.5

< 0.001

 Carbohydrates (% E)

59.8 ± 0.3

63.4 ± 0.3

61.5 ± 0.3

< 0.001

61.2 ± 0.3

65.1 ± 0.3

61.3 ± 0.3

< 0.001

 Protein (% E)

16.1 ± 0.2

14.7 ± 0.1

17.7 ± 0.2

< 0.001

15.1 ± 0.1

13.9 ± 0.1

16.8 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 Fat (% E)

24.1 ± 0.3

21.9 ± 0.3

20.8 ± 0.3

0.078

23.6 ± 0.2

21.0 ± 0.2

21.9 ± 0.2

0.236

 SFA (% E)

6.9 ± 0.1

7.1 ± 0.1

6.5 ± 0.1

< 0.001

6.6 ± 0.1

6.8 ± 0.1

7.2 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 MUFA (% E)

7.4 ± 0.1

7.3 ± 0.1

6.4 ± 0.1

0.545

7.2 ± 0.1

6.8 ± 0.1

6.8 ± 0.1

0.026

 PUFA (% E)

7.0 ± 0.1

4.9 ± 0.1

5.4 ± 0.1

< 0.001

7.2 ± 0.1

4.9 ± 0.1

5.3 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 Omega-3 FA (% E)

0.8 ± 0.01

0.7 ± 0.01

1.2 ± 0.02

< 0.001

0.9 ± 0.02

0.7 ± 0.01

1.2 ± 0.02

< 0.001

 Omega-6 FA (% E)

6.2 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

4.1 ± 0.1

< 0.001

6.4 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

4.2 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 PUFA:SFA

1.2 ± 0.02

0.9 ± 0.02

1.0 ± 0.02

< 0.001

1.3 ± 0.02

0.9 ± 0.01

1.0 ± 0.02

< 0.001