Table 1 Description of food groups included in the dietary pattern analyses
Food group | Main food items |
|---|---|
White rice | White rice, rice cakes, porridge |
Other grains | Oat, barley, sorghum, millet, brown rice, corn |
Noodles and dumplings | Noodles, instant noodles (Ramyeon), wheat flour, dumplings |
Bread and snacks | Bread, pizza, hamburgers, cakes, sandwiches, pies, pastries, croquettes, snacks |
Potatoes and starches | Potatoes, sweet potatoes |
Sugar and sweets | Honey, candy, jam, sugar, jelly, chocolate, chewing gum, syrup, caramel |
Legumes | Legumes, beans, tofu, soy milk |
Nuts | Nuts, seeds |
Vegetables | Vegetables |
Kimchi and pickles | Kimchi (traditional fermented cabbage), pickles |
Mushrooms | Mushrooms |
Fruits | Fresh fruit, dried fruit, canned fruit |
Red meat | Pork, beef |
White meat | Chicken, duck, turkey |
Processed meat | Ham, sausage, bacon |
Eggs | Eggs |
Fish | Fish, canned fish, dried fish, salted fish |
Shellfish | Shellfish, squid, octopus |
Seaweed | Seaweed |
Milk and dairy products | Milk, ice cream, cheese, cream, yogurt |
Vegetable oil | Soybean oil, sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil, grape seed oil, avocado oil |
Animal oil | Lard, butter, coffee creamer |
Alcohol | Wine, beer, rice wine (Makgeolli), whiskey |
Sugar-sweetened beverages | Soft drinks, artificially sweetened soft drinks, fruit juice |
Seasonings | Seasonings, dressing, mayonnaise, sauce |
Coffee | Coffee, coffee mix, coffee beverages |