Table 1 Baseline characteristics

N

5372

2219

3153

1792

1789

1791

Age, years

58.00 (51.00, 64.00)

58.00 (53.00, 64.00)

57.00 (51.00, 63.00)

58.00 (52.00, 64.00)

58.00 (52.00, 65.00)

57.00 (51.00, 62.00)

Sex, n (%)

Male

2468 (45.94)

828 (37.31)

1640 (52.01)

958 (53.46)

808 (45.16)

702 (39.20)

Residence, n (%)

Rural

2569 (47.82)

1077 (48.54)

1492 (47.32)

821 (45.81)

872 (48.74)

876 (48.91)

Urban

2803 (52.18)

1142 (51.46)

1661 (52.68)

971 (54.19)

917 (51.26)

915 (51.09)

Education level, n (%)

No formal education

2524 (46.98)

1087 (48.99)

1437 (45.58)

847 (47.27)

846 (47.29)

831 (46.40)

Primary school

1227 (22.84)

519 (23.39)

708 (22.45)

413 (23.05)

412 (23.03)

402 (22.45)

Middle or high school

1478 (27.51)

549 (24.74)

929 (29.46)

492 (27.46)

487 (27.22)

499 (27.86)

College or above

143 (2.66)

64 (2.88)

79 (2.51)

40 (2.23)

44 (2.46)

59 (3.29)

Marital status, n (%)

Married

4855 (90.38)

2004 (90.31)

2851 (90.42)

1604 (89.51)

1611 (90.05)

1640 (91.57)

Other

517 (9.62)

215 (9.69)

302 (9.58)

188 (10.49)

178 (9.95)

151 (8.43)

Smoking status, n (%)

Yes

2050 (38.16)

700 (31.55)

1350 (42.82)

762 (42.52)

685 (38.29)

603 (33.67)

Drinking status, n (%)

Yes

1225 (22.80)

465 (20.96)

760 (24.10)

435 (24.28)

400 (22.36)

390 (21.78)

BMI, kg/m², n (%)

18.5–24

2847 (53.00)

1118 (50.38)

1729 (54.84)

1134 (63.28)

993 (55.51)

720 (40.20)

< 18.5

325 (6.05)

116 (5.23)

209 (6.63)

169 (9.43)

106 (5.93)

50 (2.79)

24–28

1590 (29.60)

708 (31.91)

882 (27.97)

393 (21.93)

499 (27.89)

698 (38.97)

> 28

610 (11.36)

277 (12.48)

333 (10.56)

96 (5.36)

191 (10.68)

323 (18.03)

Hypertension, n (%)

Yes

1134 (21.11)

516 (23.25)

618 (19.60)

277 (15.46)

371 (20.74)

486 (27.14)

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

Yes

413 (7.69)

200 (9.01)

213 (6.76)

86 (4.80)

122 (6.82)

205 (11.45)

Diabetes, n (%)

Yes

255 (4.75)

109 (4.91)

146 (4.63)

56 (3.12)

86 (4.81)

113 (6.31)

Lipid-lowering drugs, n (%)

Yes

228 (4.24)

102 (4.60)

126 (4.00)

44 (2.46)

67 (3.75)

117 (6.53)

Antihypertensive drugs, n (%)

Yes

828 (15.41)

389 (17.53)

439 (13.92)

182 (10.16)

280 (15.65)

366 (20.44)

Hypoglycemic drugs, n (%)

Yes

170 (3.16)

73 (3.29)

97 (3.08)

34 (1.90)

60 (3.35)

76 (4.24)

SBP, mmHg

127.30 (115.70, 141.00)

129.00 (117.00, 142.30)

126.30 (114.70, 140.10)

124.70 (113.30, 138.60)

128.00 (116.30, 141.00)

129.90 (117.70, 143.30)

DBP, mmHg

75.00 (68.06, 82.67)

75.33 (68.67, 83.05)

74.37 (67.93, 82.27)

73.67 (66.67, 80.82)

74.88 (68.25, 82.40)

76.56 (69.67, 84.67)

FPG

102.40 (94.50, 112.50)

103.70 (95.76, 113.40)

101.30 (93.96, 111.60)

99.72 (92.88, 107.60)

101.30 (93.96, 110.50)

106.70 (98.01, 120.40)

HbA1c, %

5.10 (4.90, 5.40)

5.20 (4.90, 5.50)

5.10 (4.80, 5.40)

5.10 (4.80, 5.30)

5.10 (4.90, 5.40)

5.20 (4.90, 5.50)

UA, mg/dL

4.23 (3.52, 5.07)

4.30 (3.57, 5.15)

4.18 (3.49, 5.01)

4.05 (3.42, 4.80)

4.21 (3.49, 5.04)

4.43 (3.69, 5.34)

TC₂₀₁₂, mg/dL

190.60 (167.40, 214.90)

219.60 (204.10, 240.50)

171.70 (155.80, 187.10)

178.60 (158.50, 202.20)

189.80 (168.20, 212.20)

202.60 (178.00, 230.60)

HDL₂₀₁₂, mg/dL

49.48 (40.21, 59.92)

51.80 (42.91, 62.24)

47.94 (38.66, 57.99)

56.44 (48.61, 67.27)

50.64 (42.91, 59.92)

40.98 (34.02, 49.10)

LDL₂₀₁₂, mg/dL

114.00 (93.56, 136.90)

141.50 (126.40, 158.50)

98.58 (83.12, 112.90)

110.60 (92.78, 130.30)

116.00 (96.26, 137.60)

116.00 (91.24, 143.00)

RC₂₀₁₂, mg/dL

19.72 (11.60, 32.09)

22.04 (12.76, 34.02)

18.56 (10.82, 30.54)

10.05 (6.57, 13.53)

20.49 (15.46, 25.90)

39.43 (29.00, 53.74)

RC₂₀₁₅, mg/dL

25.87 (19.69, 35.91)

29.73 (22.39, 39.96)

23.94 (18.15, 32.05)

18.92 (15.44, 22.39)

26.25 (21.62, 31.27)

41.31 (32.05, 53.28)

Cumulative RC, mg/dL × years

70.13 (51.55, 100.30)

78.82 (57.94, 108.90)

65.06 (47.51, 92.71)

45.20 (37.67, 51.55)

70.13 (63.74, 77.67)

119.40 (100.30, 152.40)