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Fig. 2 | Lipids in Health and Disease

Fig. 2

From: Unlocking the mysteries of VLDL: exploring its production, intracellular trafficking, and metabolism as therapeutic targets

Fig. 2

Biogenesis, lipidation and intracellular trafficking of VLDL. The assembly of VLDL in the liver begins with the cotranslational translation of apolipoprotein B (APOB) across the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) membrane. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) plays an essential role in the initial lipidation of APOB by extracting phospholipids and triglycerides (TGs) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Without sufficient lipidation, nascent APOB is degraded. After the initial lipidation, VLDL is further lipidated with a large amount of lipids to form mature VLDL. To exit the endoplasmic reticulum, VLDL is packaged into transport vesicles called coat protein complex II (COPII), which is initiated by the activation of the small Ras-like GTPase SAR1.

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Lipids in Health and Disease

ISSN: 1476-511X