Protein | Function | Role in TMZ resistance |
---|---|---|
Fatty acid synthase | Enzyme involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis | Upregulation promotes TMZ resistance; inhibition sensitizes GBM cells to chemotherapy [36] |
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein | Transcription factor that regulates expression of genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism | Activation promotes TMZ resistance by upregulating fatty acid synthesis [42] |
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase | Enzyme that converts acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, precursor for fatty acid synthesis | Inhibition suppresses proliferation and migration in GBM cells [43] |
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1Â A | Enzyme involved in fatty acid oxidation | |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma | Transcription factor that regulates expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism | Activation sensitizes TMZ-resistant GBM cells to chemotherapy by promoting lipid accumulation and inducing cell death [46, 47] |