Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants stratified by cumCVAI and CVAI slope

Participants

15,350

2758

4917

2567

5108

Age, years

58.92 ± 10.65

57.93 ± 10.04

55.51 ± 9.89

63.19 ± 10.51

60.59 ± 10.64

< 0.01

Male, N (%)

12,561(82.42)

2463(89.30)

3959(80.52)

2191(85.35)

4038(79.05)

< 0.01

SBP, mmHg

147.66 ± 19.38

146.82 ± 19.95

144.71 ± 18.59

150.43 ± 19.59

149.55 ± 19.29

< 0.01

DBP, mmHg

89.38 ± 10.51

88.49 ± 10.61

88.22 ± 10.27

90.51 ± 10.72

90.42 ± 10.41

< 0.01

BMI, kg/m²

26.03 ± 7.60

24.22 ± 6.89

24.74 ± 8.14

27.01 ± 5.16

27.75 ± 8.01

< 0.01

FBG, mmol/L

5.77 ± 1.53

5.74 ± 1.59

5.51 ± 1.23

6.13 ± 1.78

5.85 ± 1.57

< 0.01

TC, mmol/L

5.35 ± 1.04

5.29 ± 1.00

5.34 ± 1.02

5.29 ± 1.02

5.42 ± 1.09

< 0.01

LDL-C, mmol/L

2.97 ± 0.83

2.97 ± 0.83

2.98 ± 0.82

2.96 ± 0.81

2.97 ± 0.84

0.74

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.33 ± 0.34

1.46 ± 0.37

1.39 ± 0.34

1.26 ± 0.30

1.23 ± 0.29

< 0.01

TG, mmol/L

1.41(0.98–2.11)

1.15(0.81–1.66)

1.29(0.91–1.91)

1.44(1.02–2.17)

1.69(1.19–2.47)

< 0.01

hs-CRP, mg/L

1.04(0.51–2.30)

0.93(0.50-2.00)

0.92(0.50-2.00)

1.20(0.60–2.70)

1.20(0.51–2.70)

< 0.01

eGFR, [mL/(min·1.73²)]

95.68

(83.76–105.10)

98.41

(88.37-107.05)

99.40

(88.96-107.99)

90.40

(77.71–99.89)

92.94

(80.19-102.53)

< 0.01

Current smoking, N (%)

5994(39.05)

1235(44.78)

2077(42.24)

903(35.18)

1779(34.83)

< 0.01

Current drinking, N (%)

4697(30.60)

850(30.82)

1551(31.54)

770(30.00)

1526(29.87)

0.28

Physical exercisers, N (%)

12,256(79.84)

2254(81.73)

3969(80.72)

1957(76.24)

4076(79.80)

< 0.01

High school or above

2670(17.39)

427(15.48)

904(18.39)

440(17.14)

899(17.60)

< 0.01

Overall

CumCVAI<median, Slope<0

CumCVAI<median, Slope ≥ 0

CumCVAI ≥ median, Slope<0

CumCVAI ≥ median, Slope ≥ 0

P

Salt level, > 10 g/d

13,520(88.08)

2434(88.25)

4271(86.86)

2282(88.90)

4533(88.74)

< 0.01

Diabetes, N (%)

2792(18.19)

407(14.76)

584(11.88)

652(25.40)

1149(22.49)

< 0.01

Antidiabetic agents, N (%)

1251(8.15)

174(6.31)

201(4.09)

367(14.30)

509(9.96)

< 0.01

Antihypertensive agents, N (%)

6252(40.73)

942(34.16)

1684(34.25)

1268(49.40)

2358(46.16)

< 0.01

Lipid-lowering agents, N (%)

563(3.67)

67(2.43)

106(2.16)

125(4.87)

265(5.19)

< 0.01