Intake of arachidonic acid-containing lipids in adult humans: dietary surveys and clinical trials

Table 4 Dietary survey of intake of ARA, EPA and DHA in adult humans (< 1000 participants by DR or 24-h recall)

Country	Participant				Dietary Survey^c	LCPUFA intake (mg/day)^d			Ref.
Country	Sex^a	Age (y)^b	Other classification	N	Dietary Survey^c	ARA	EPA	DHA	Ref.
Bangladeshi	F	16–50	Mothers of children 2–4 y	455	24-h recall	40	30	30	[42]
Belgium	F	18–39	–	641	2-day DR	56 ± 47	78 ± 156	131 ± 247	[43]
Brazil	F	18–35	Pregnant women	41	24-h recall	90	0.2	20	[44]
China	F	27.0	Changzhou area	82	7-day DR	110 ± 40	50 ± 40	40 ± 60	[45]
China	F	27.8	Wenzhou area	20	7-day DR	140 ± 60	120 ± 130	180 ± 230
Japan	F	40–49	Spring season	71	7-day DR	134 ± 39	277 ± 13	755 ± 357	[46]
Korea	M	30–85	–	107	3-day DR	135 ± 161	279 ± 690	172 ± 1114	[28]
Korea	F	30–85	–	117	3-day DR	99 ± 116	159 ± 271	235 ± 1479
South Africa	F	32.8	Urban Northern Cape	83	24-h recall	97	33	54	[47]
		32.9	Urban coastal Western Cape	81		105	36	67
		34.8	Rural Limpopo Province	85		39	8	24
United States	M	49	Pakistan-origin	106	24-h recall	200 ± 700	30 ± 70	90 ± 20	[48]
		49	India-origin	34		160 ± 140	10 ± 10	40 ± 40
		46	Bangladesh-origin	34		200 ± 140	200 ± 30	300 ± 400
	F	48	Pakistan-origin	117		200 ± 100	40 ± 100	100 ± 200
		49	India-origin	37		100 ± 100	40 ± 100	70 ± 200
		49	Bangladesh-origin	33		200 ± 100	300 ± 500	400 ± 800

ISSN: 1476-511X