| Entire group N = 117 | Non-survivors N = 15 | Survivors N = 102 | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 55.96 ± 11.90 | 59.87 ± 12.31 | 55.38 ± 11.79 | 0.174 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | 0.145 |
 Male | 73 (62.4) | 7 (46.7) | 66 (64.7) |  |
 Female | 44 (37.6) | 8 (53.3) | 36 (35.3) |  |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.60 ± 2.51 | 24.01 ± 1.82 | 23.54 ± 2.60 | 0.440 |
Child score (n, %) | 7.39 ± 1.43 | 8.53 ± 1.64 | 7.23 ± 1.33 | < 0.01** |
 A | 33 (28.2) | 2 (13.3) | 31 (30.4) |  |
 B | 74 (63.2) | 8 (53.3) | 66 (64.7) |  |
 C | 10 (8.6) | 5 (33.3) | 5 (4.9) |  |
MELD score | 9.75 ± 1.80 | 11.67 ± 1.72 | 9.67 ± 1.63 | < 0.001*** |
Etiology (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.067 |
 Virus | 53 (45.3) | 5 (33.3) | 59 (47.1) |  |
 Others | 64 (54.7) | 10 (66.7) | 43 (42.2) |  |
  Schistosome | 10 | 2 | 8 |  |
  PBC | 4 | 2 | 2 |  |
  Alcoholic | 9 | 1 | 8 |  |
  Autoimmune | 6 | 1 | 5 |  |
  NAFLD | 6 | 1 | 5 |  |
  Unknown | 18 | 3 | 15 |  |
Smoking history (n, %) | 25 (21.4) | 5 (33.3) | 20 (19.6) | 0.188 |
Drinking history (n, %) | 14 (12.0) | 3 (20) | 11 (10.8) | 0.257 |
Extent of PVT (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.655 |
 MPV or branches | 44 (37.6) | 4 (26.7) | 40 (39.2) |  |
 SMV/SV | 61 (52.1) | 9 (60) | 52 (60) |  |
 Cavernous | 12 (10.3) | 2 (13.3) | 10 (9.8) |  |
Degree of PVT (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.243 |
 Partial | 57 (48.7) | 7 (46.7) | 50 (49.0) |  |
 Complete | 48 (41.0) | 6 (40) | 42 (41.2) |  |
 Cavernous | 12 (10.3) | 2 (13.3) | 10 (9.8) |  |
Ascites (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.073 |
 Mild | 23 (19.7) | 2 (13.3) | 21 (20.6) |  |
 Moderate | 32 (27.4) | 1 (6.7) | 31 (30.4) |  |
 Severe | 62 (52.9) | 12 (80.0) | 50 (49.0) |  |
Splenectomy history (n, %) | 56 (47.9) | 4 (26.7) | 52 (51.0) | 0.100 |
Prothrombotic (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.052 |
 Protein C deficiency | 2 (1.7) | 1 (6.7) | 1 (1.0) |  |
 Protein S deficiency | 5 (4.3) | 2 (13.3) | 3 (2.9) |  |
 JAK2V617F mutation | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
 Others | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
Treatment (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.065 |
 TIPS | 57 (48.7) | 6 (40) | 51 (50) |  |
 EBL+ propranolol | 34 (29.1) | 2 (13.3) | 32 (31.4) |  |
 Others | 26 (22.2) | 7 (46.7) | 19 (18.6) |  |
Anticoagulant (n, %) | 83 (70.9) | 13 (86.7) | 70 (68.6) | 0.225 |
Indication for TIPS (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.893 |
 Variceal bleeding | 12 (12/57) | 1 (1/6) | 11 (11/51) |  |
 Ascites | 4 (4/57) | 0 (0/6) | 4 (4/51) |  |
 PVT | 6 (6/57) | 1 (1/6) | 5 (5/51) |  |
 PVT and bleeding | 35 (35/57) | 4 (4/6) | 31 (31/51) |  |
PVT progression (n, %) | Â | Â | Â | 0.131 |
 Improved | 19 (16.2) | 4 (33.3) | 15 (18.6) |  |
 Stable | 34 (29.1) | 4 (26.7) | 30 (29.4) |  |
 Worsened | 10 (8.6) | 3 (20) | 7 (23.6) |  |
 Unknown | 54 (46.2) | 4 (26.7) | 50 (49.0) |  |
Causes of death (n, %) |  |  |  | – |
 Liver failure | – | 7 (46.7) | – |  |
 GI bleeding | – | 5 (33.3) | – |  |
 Encephalopathy | – | 3 (20) | – |  |
1-year mortality rate (%) | 12.8% | – | – | – |
Laboratory | ||||
 INR | 1.3 (1,3.4) | 1.26(1.12,1.66) | 1.3 (1,3.4) | 0.220 |
 Platelet (*10^9/L) | 111 (22,416) | 95 (30,276) | 125 (22,416) | 0.835 |
 WBC (*10^9/L) | 4.2 (0.7,32.4) | 5.1 (1.1,32.4) | 4.2 (0.7,28) | 0.264 |
 Hemoglobin (g/L) | 79 (43,152) | 92 (56,152) | 78.5 (43,148) | 0.160 |
 Bilirubin (umol/L) | 18.6(3.9133.6) | 26.2(8.9133.6) | 17.6 (3.9116) | 0.011* |
 Albumin (g/L) | 32.34 ± 4.17 | 30.12 ± 5.18 | 32.62 ± 4.03 | 0.033* |
 ALT (U/L) | 18.4(4.6162.4) | 23.9 (8.1,44.9) | 17.65(4.6162.4) | 0.403 |
 AST (U/L) | 29.8(9.9230.1) | 37.4 (19,114.3) | 28.55(9.9230.1) | 0.065 |
 AST/ALT ratio | 1.48 (0.63,6.6) | 1.75(0.93,4.62) | 1.47(0.63,6.6) | 0.142 |
 CRP (mg/L) | 5.1 (0.2137.7) | 21.2 (1.2,77.7) | 4.4(0.2137.7) | < 0.01** |
 Creatinine (umol/L) | 60 (32,210) | 63 (37,111) | 60 (32,210) | 0.744 |
Lipid profile | ||||
 Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 0.68(0.16,4.93) | 0.83(0.43,1.29) | 0.67(0.16,4.93) | 0.095 |
 Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.04 (1.2,5.7) | 2.75(1.66,4.63) | 3.06 (1.2,5.7) | 0.841 |
 HDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.81(0.14,1.92) | 0.40(0.14,0.96) | 0.83(0.16,1.92) | < 0.01** |
 LDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.58(0.58,3.88) | 1.60(0.66,3.02) | 1.58(0.58,3.88) | 0.708 |