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Table 1 Effect of high fat diet on glucose-lipid metabolism and inflammation across the three groups

From: Sleeve gastrectomy attenuates high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Variables

NC

HFD + SHAM

HFD + SG

P

total cholesterol (mmol/L)

6.57 ± 0.14

7.07 ± 0.30

6.85 ± 0.65

0.177

triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.66 ± 0.42

2.38 ± 0.26

2.10 ± 0.38

0.027

free fatty acid (μmol/L)

472.96 ± 61.27

737.76 ± 179.86

716.50 ± 197.11

0.039

Insulin (mIU/L)

44.9 ± 6.1

47.7 ± 6.5

36.86 ± 4.9

0.033

homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

10.62 ± 1.63

11.75 ± 2.14

8.71 ± 1.01

0.039

tumor necrosis factor-α (pg/mL)

270.03 ± 66.37

378.53 ± 25.34

317.31 ± 72.94

0.037

monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (pg/mL)

496.97 ± 38.16

634.29 ± 49.93

522.85 ± 65.12

0.003

interleukin-6 (pg/mL)

93.15 ± 12.70

96.37 ± 15.60

79.09 ± 29.58

0.419

interleukin-1β (pg/mL)

18.15 ± 5.32

13.11 ± 3.66

19.39 ± 6.87

0.203

fibroblast growth factor 21 (pg/mL)

103.29 ± 9.88

165.35 ± 29.24

112.43 ± 16.64*

0.001

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.016, vs. HFD + SHAM