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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of total LN patients and comparisons among low, intermediate and high HDL-C groups

From: Effect of low and high HDL-C levels on the prognosis of lupus nephritis patients: a prospective cohort study

Parameters

Total (n = 775)

Low HDL-C (n = 401)

Intermediate HDL-C (n = 246)

High HDL-C (n = 128)

P

Age, years

31.2 ± 13.1

30.9 ± 13.6

31.8 ± 12.7

31.3 ± 12.2

0.666

Gender (female %)

645 (83.2)

328(81.8)

208 (84.6)

109 (85.2)

0.538

Smoking (%)

23 (3.0)

16 (4.0)

5 (2.0)

2 (1.6)

0.201

Weight, kg

53.8 ± 10.3

53.8 ± 11.2

53.3 ± 9.2

54.3 ± 9.3

0.675

Disease duration, months

3 (1, 16)

2 (1, 11)

6 (1, 32)

4 (1, 21)

<0.001

eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2

81.8 (46.2, 125.0)

71.5 (38.5, 113.3)

87.5 (52.9, 127.0)

109.9 (67.6, 135.6)

<0.001

24-h proteinuria, g

1.7 (0.8, 3.2)

1.7 (0.8, 3.3)

1.6 (0.8, 3.2)

1.8 (0.7, 3.1)

0.957

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

6.11 ± 2.47

5.52 ± 2.42

6.53 ± 2.36

7.12 ± 2.34

<0.001

Triglyceride, mmol/L

2.50 ± 1.86

2.90 ± 2.12

2.15 ± 1.38

1.89 ± 1.45

<0.001

HDL-C, mmol/L

1.09 ± 0.49

0.72 ± 0.18

1.27 ± 0.14

1.92 ± 0.39

<0.001

LDL-C, mmol/L

3.59 ± 1.82

3.13 ± 1.66

3.99 ± 1.79

4.24 ± 1.96

<0.001

SLEDAI

14 (11, 18)

16 (12, 18)

14 (10, 18)

12 (10, 16)

<0.001

Diabetes mellitus (%)

55 (7.1)

31 (7.7)

21 (8.5)

3 (2.3)

0.067

Hypertension (%)

307 (39.6)

159 (39.7)

102 (41.5)

46 (35.9)

0.584

Hypoalbuminemia

471 (60.8)

261 (65.1)

139(56.5)

71(55.5)

0.038

Global sclerosisa (%)

224 (42.3)

105 (38.6)

79 (47.3)

40 (44.0)

0.188

Crescentsa (%)

275 (51.9)

144 (52.9)

84(50.3)

47(51.6)

0.864

Interstitial inflammationa (%)

390 (73.6)

211(77.6)

115(68.9)

64(70.3)

0.098

Tubular atrophya(%)

301 (56.8)

152 (55.9)

100 (59.9)

49 (53.8)

0.588

Interstitial fibrosisa(%)

307 (57.9)

153 (56.3)

100 (59.9)

54 (59.3)

0.723

Corticosteroid treatment (%)

751 (96.9)

387 (96.5)

240 (97.6)

124 (96.9)

0.755

Immunosuppressive treatment (%)

468 (60.4)

241 (60.1)

137 (55.7)

90 (70.3)

0.023

Lipid-lowering treatment (%)

163 (21.0)

81 (20.2)

53 (21.5)

29 (22.7)

0.815

  1. Note: Data are presented as mean ± SD, median (25th, 75th) or number (%). aResults are for the subset of the cohort for which patients had renal biopsy data (n = 530)
  2. SLEDAI Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index