Table 1 Socio-demographic and other characteristics of participants in the study

Age (years)

46.56 ± 15.26

46.07 ± 15.05

47.17 ± 15.53

t = 1.594

0.111

BMI (Kg/m²)

23.52 ± 3.49

23.21 ± 3.47

23.89 ± 3.46

t = 4.320

<0.001

SBP (mm Hg)

115.65 ± 17.58

113.92 ± 18.31

117.81 ± 16.36

t = 4.993

<0.001

DBP (mm Hg)

74.97 ± 10.11

73.16 ± 10.06

77.24 ± 9.71

t = 9.140

<0.001

WC (cm)

82.04 ± 10.51

79.16 ± 10.14

85.67 ± 9.83

t = 14.438

<0.001

FBG (mmol/L)

5.39 ± 1.32

5.28 ± 1.13

5.52 ± 1.52

t = 3.937

<0.001

Physical activity, n (%)

 Yes

1591 (79.75)

979 (88.19)

612 (69.15)

χ² = 110.599

<0.001

 No

404 (20.25)

131 (11.81)

273 (30.85)

Smoking status, n (%)

 Ever smoker

414 (20.75)

10 (0.90)

404 (45.65)

χ² = 599.570

<0.001

 Never smoker

1581 (79.25)

1100 (99.10)

481 (54.35)

Drinking habit, n (%)

 Non-drinker

1295 (64.91)

887 (79.91)

408 (46.10)

χ² = 248.308

<0.001

 Non-habitual drinker

586 (29.37)

192 (17.30)

394 (44.52)

 Habitual drinker

114 (5.72)

31 (2.79)

83 (9.38)

Marital status, n (%)

 Single

129 (6.47)

69 (6.22)

60 (6.78)

χ² = 30.648

<0.001

 Married

1771 (88.77)

962 (86.67)

809 (91.41)

 Widowed

25 (1.25)

21 (1.89)

4 (0.45)

 Divorced

70 (3.51)

58 (5.22)

12 (1.36)

Educational level, n (%)

 0 year

73 (3.66)

63 (5.68)

10 (1.13)

χ² = 65.626

<0.001

 1–6 years

261 (13.08)

172 (15.50)

89 (10.06)

 7–9 years

524 (26.26)

286 (25.77)

238 (26.89)

 10–12 years

855 (42.86)

475 (42.79)

380 (42.94)

 ≥12 years

282 (14.14)

114 (10.26)

168 (18.98)

Employment status, n (%)

 Unemployed

92 (4.61)

56 (5.05)

36 (4.07)

χ² = 184.955

<0.001

 Retired

487 (24.41)

262 (23.60)

225 (25.42)

 Others

156 (7.82)

77 (6.94)

79 (8.93)

 Homemaker

297 (14.89)

269 (24.23)

28 (3.16)

 Employed

963 (48.27)

446 (40.18)

517 (58.42)