Table 4 Effects of apoE4 genotype on herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 infection and outcome in humans
From: Apolipoprotein E genotype and hepatitis C, HIV and herpes simplex disease risk: a literature review
Reference | Subjects and profile | Parameter | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
Itzhaki et al. 1997 [98] | 46 Caucasian AD patients and 44 Caucasian non-AD elderly controls | risk of AD | highest in ε4 carriers positive for HSV-1 |
|  | 40 Caucasian cold-score sufferers and 33 age-matched Caucasian healthy controls | risk of HSV-1-induced cold-scores | ε4 > non-ε4 |
Itabashi et al. 1997 [99] | 46 elderly AD patients and 23 age-matched controls without confirmed neuropsychiatric disease | HSV and risk of AD | latent HSV infection alone is not an independent risk factor for AD, the combination of ε4 and HSV infection increases the risk |
Beffert et al. 1998 [97] | 73 elderly AD patients and 33 non-AD controls | - susceptibility to HSV-1 infection in brain - risk of AD | ε4 = non-ε4 no effect of HSV-1 and ε4 combined |
Letenneur et al. 2008 [100] | 512 French individuals in a population based cohort study | apoE genotype and HSV immunoglobulin status as risk factors for AD | no interactions between apoE status and HSV immunoglobulin status on risk of AD |