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Table 2 Relative risk for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, combined cardiovascular events, stroke, and coronary heart disease (with 95% confidence intervals) comparing the top versus bottom third of MUFA, MUFA:SFA ratio, olive oil, and oleic acid

From: Monounsaturated fatty acids, olive oil and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Outcome

No studies

MUFA source

Relative risk

95% CI

p-value

I2(%)a95% CI

All-cause mortality

17

All MUFA combined

0.89

0.83 to 0.96

0.001

64

42 to 78

 

5

MUFA

1.00

0.93 to 1.08

0.93

23

 

10

MUFA:SFA

0.90

0.82 to 1.00

0.04

59

 

5

Olive oil

0.77

0.71 to 0.84

<0.00001

0

Cardiovascular mortality

14

All MUFA combined

0.88

0.80 to 0.96

0.004

50

15 to 71

 

8

MUFA

0.96

0.89 to 1.04

0.36

7

 

4

MUFA:SFA

0.91

0.83 to 0.99

0.04

0

 

5

Olive oil

0.70

0.48 to 1.03

0.07

71

 

1

Oleic acid

0.81

0.66 to 0.99

0.04

n.a.

Combined cardiovascular events

30

All MUFA combined

0.91

0.86 to 0.96

0.001

58

38 to 71

 

20

MUFA

0.95

0.89 to 1.02

0.14

52

 

6

MUFA:SFA

0.93

0.86 to 1.01

0.07

0

 

7

Olive oil

0.72

0.57 to 0.91

0.007

75

 

1

Oleic acid

0.87

0.76 to 1.00

0.04

n.a.

Stroke

11

All MUFA combined

0.83

0.71 to 0.97

0.02

70

46 to 84

 

9

MUFA

0.85

0.72 to 1.01

0.07

65

 

1

MUFA:SFA

1.18

0.91 to 1.53

0.21

n.a.

 

2

Olive oil

0.60

0.47 to 0.77

<0.0001

0

Coronary heart disease

15

All MUFA combined

0.96

0.90 to 1.01

0.13

41

0 to 66

 

9

MUFA

0.99

0.93 to 1.06

0.76

29

 

4

MUFA:SFA

0.94

0.86 to 1.02

0.14

0

 

4

Olive oil

0.80

0.57 to 1.14

0.22

77

 

1

Oleic acid

0.87

0.76 to 1.00

0.04

n.a.

  1. aI2 inconsistency, percentage of variation across studies due to heterogeneity.
  2. MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, n.a. not applicable, SFA saturated fatty acids.